Barium Sulphide Manufacturing Process
Barium Sulphide
Introduction:
It is obtained in the form of yellowish - green or grey powder or lumps. It is soluble in water It is highly toxic by ingestion. It is widely used in dehairing hides, fire proofing agent, in manufacturing barium salt, and generating pure hydrogen sulphide for analytical purpose.
When a saturated solution ( about 18% BaS) is cooled, a hydrated crystal , crystallizer out in hexagonal plates. It contains all non - volatile impurities in the Barite ore, and have a variable assay depending upon the purity of the ore used.
Market Position :
Barium Sulphide is mostly used in leather industries. It is dehairing agent. So its scope is very much. In Channai demand of Barium Sulphide is increasing rapidly. Mostly leather industries are situated in Channai , Kanpur, Agra and Kolkata. Still being about approximate 30 to 40 unit of Barium Sulphite in India, The shortage of its have no strange.
Requirement Raw Material :
Barytes ( containing 90% BaS4) 1.6 M.T.
Coal 0.5 M.T.
Process of Manufacturing:
Blake ash is produced by reducing ground barite with coal at high temperatures.
The following reaction take place :
BaSo4 + 4C - BaS + 4Co.
However, the effect of impurities, as is usual in commercial processes, complicates matters, and with high iron and silica impurities a considerable percentage of water soluble barium sulphite is converted to complex water insoluble, but acid soluble, barium silicate , ferrate and carbonate. Since the primary purpose of black ash step in chemical industry is to convert raw material to a soluble salt, small amounts of impurities decrease the recovery tremendously.Thus an increase of ferric oxide in the original ore from 1.0 to 2.0% may decrease the barium sulphide content from close to 90 to 76 - 78%.
This of course, is disastrous in chemical industry where margin of profit is very small. The ote is ground to roughly therough 20 mesh retained on 100 mesh and is mixed with a fairly low volatile soft coal 0.5 in size. The mixture used is five parts of barite and one part of coal.
Two major types of furnaces are used - the batch rotary furnace and the continuous process furnace. These are fire brick lined, and are connected to a stack for flue-gas removal, and are fired with natural gas, fuel oil, or powdered coal, depending on the plant location. a dust collection, brick lined, setting chamber is usually placed between the rotary and the stack.
The charge, consist of roughly four tonnes of barite and 0.8 tons of coal, is charge through the manhole door on the side, and fire is started. The charge is heated rapidly, with considerable initial evolution of smoke as the volatile gases in the coal are evolved. the temperature rises steadily and after an hour the reduction proceeds at an almost constant rate.
After roughly three hour, the temperature approaches 1150 - 1200 digro C, and the charge becomes slightly stickly. At this point the reduction is practically complete ; the fire is turned off, and then dumped. Continued furnacing beyond point produces increased amount of water - insoluble barium ferratc, silicate and carbonate, which is replacing the batch roaster, the charge is fed in the heat is applied counter current to the flow of coal , a barite and black ash are discharged at the front of the long kiln. Retention time at the reducing temperature is important in operation, as too low a temperature or too short a retention time at that temperature will cause incomplete retention. Too high a temp, will cause ringing on the walls of the kilnwalls near the feed end.
If the black ash is to be used in the same plant, it is convert to the dissolving plant, often called the lixiviation plant. It is ground in a wet ball mill or a hammer mill flowed by a dissolver and the barium sulphide is extracted from the insoluble gauge. a five or six tank counter current door system used for residue washing as well as continuous centrifugals vacuum filters. The gauge is washed reasonably free of barium sulphide and a solution averaging 17 - 18% BaS is obtained. The gangue is either sewered or treated to recover the acid - soluble barium salts.
If the black ash is to be send to another place, it has to be cooled, them shipped in bulk or bags or in barrels.
Plant and Machinery :
1. Jaw crusher having capacity2/3 M.T per day 1 no.
2. Ball mill. 1no.
3. Storage and mixing tank. 2 no.
4. Washing tank. 1 no.
5. Crystallizer 1 no.
6. Centrifuge 1no.
7. Mini Boiler. 1 no.
8. Reverberatory furnace with chimney and other accessories. 1 no.
Introduction:
It is obtained in the form of yellowish - green or grey powder or lumps. It is soluble in water It is highly toxic by ingestion. It is widely used in dehairing hides, fire proofing agent, in manufacturing barium salt, and generating pure hydrogen sulphide for analytical purpose.
When a saturated solution ( about 18% BaS) is cooled, a hydrated crystal , crystallizer out in hexagonal plates. It contains all non - volatile impurities in the Barite ore, and have a variable assay depending upon the purity of the ore used.
Market Position :
Barium Sulphide is mostly used in leather industries. It is dehairing agent. So its scope is very much. In Channai demand of Barium Sulphide is increasing rapidly. Mostly leather industries are situated in Channai , Kanpur, Agra and Kolkata. Still being about approximate 30 to 40 unit of Barium Sulphite in India, The shortage of its have no strange.
Requirement Raw Material :
Barytes ( containing 90% BaS4) 1.6 M.T.
Coal 0.5 M.T.
Process of Manufacturing:
Blake ash is produced by reducing ground barite with coal at high temperatures.
The following reaction take place :
BaSo4 + 4C - BaS + 4Co.
However, the effect of impurities, as is usual in commercial processes, complicates matters, and with high iron and silica impurities a considerable percentage of water soluble barium sulphite is converted to complex water insoluble, but acid soluble, barium silicate , ferrate and carbonate. Since the primary purpose of black ash step in chemical industry is to convert raw material to a soluble salt, small amounts of impurities decrease the recovery tremendously.Thus an increase of ferric oxide in the original ore from 1.0 to 2.0% may decrease the barium sulphide content from close to 90 to 76 - 78%.
This of course, is disastrous in chemical industry where margin of profit is very small. The ote is ground to roughly therough 20 mesh retained on 100 mesh and is mixed with a fairly low volatile soft coal 0.5 in size. The mixture used is five parts of barite and one part of coal.
Two major types of furnaces are used - the batch rotary furnace and the continuous process furnace. These are fire brick lined, and are connected to a stack for flue-gas removal, and are fired with natural gas, fuel oil, or powdered coal, depending on the plant location. a dust collection, brick lined, setting chamber is usually placed between the rotary and the stack.
The charge, consist of roughly four tonnes of barite and 0.8 tons of coal, is charge through the manhole door on the side, and fire is started. The charge is heated rapidly, with considerable initial evolution of smoke as the volatile gases in the coal are evolved. the temperature rises steadily and after an hour the reduction proceeds at an almost constant rate.
After roughly three hour, the temperature approaches 1150 - 1200 digro C, and the charge becomes slightly stickly. At this point the reduction is practically complete ; the fire is turned off, and then dumped. Continued furnacing beyond point produces increased amount of water - insoluble barium ferratc, silicate and carbonate, which is replacing the batch roaster, the charge is fed in the heat is applied counter current to the flow of coal , a barite and black ash are discharged at the front of the long kiln. Retention time at the reducing temperature is important in operation, as too low a temperature or too short a retention time at that temperature will cause incomplete retention. Too high a temp, will cause ringing on the walls of the kilnwalls near the feed end.
If the black ash is to be used in the same plant, it is convert to the dissolving plant, often called the lixiviation plant. It is ground in a wet ball mill or a hammer mill flowed by a dissolver and the barium sulphide is extracted from the insoluble gauge. a five or six tank counter current door system used for residue washing as well as continuous centrifugals vacuum filters. The gauge is washed reasonably free of barium sulphide and a solution averaging 17 - 18% BaS is obtained. The gangue is either sewered or treated to recover the acid - soluble barium salts.
If the black ash is to be send to another place, it has to be cooled, them shipped in bulk or bags or in barrels.
Plant and Machinery :
1. Jaw crusher having capacity2/3 M.T per day 1 no.
2. Ball mill. 1no.
3. Storage and mixing tank. 2 no.
4. Washing tank. 1 no.
5. Crystallizer 1 no.
6. Centrifuge 1no.
7. Mini Boiler. 1 no.
8. Reverberatory furnace with chimney and other accessories. 1 no.
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